中译英技巧详解:省略、替代
例1.(培养接班人)这是眼前的一个问题,并不是巳经顺利解决了,希望解决得好。(《邓选》)
译文 1: This is a current issue that has not been settled smoothly. I hope it will be resolved satisfactorily.(《北京周报》)
译文 2 : This is a pressing problem that has not yet been solved satisfactorily, and I hope it will be. (外文出版社)
评析:原文中有两个“解决”,译文1分别译为settled与 resolved,从而达到了文字变化的效果。但译文2采用省略法,将will be后面的solved satisfactorily省去。两种译法都优于重复使用同一英语词汇。
例2.出让合同中规定必须拆除的技术设备,受让人应按时拆除。 (《现代汉英翻译技巧》第186页)
译文 1: The transferee shall demolish and remove such technological equipment in time as required to be demolished and removed by the grant contract.
译文 2: The grantee shall demolish and remove in time such technological equipment as required by the grant contract.(陈忠 诚,1995/1)
评析:汉语原文重复了“除拆”,以上译文1也重复了 demolish and remove,显得啰嗦。译文2使用省略手段来进行连接,简洁明了。
例3.(关键是发展经济)低速度就等于停步,甚至等于后退。要抓住机会,现在就是好机会。(《邓选》)
译文 1: Low speed equals stagnation and even retreat. Opportunity must be grasped. The present offers excellent chance, (《北京周报》)
译文 2: Slow growth equals stagnation and even retrogression. We must grasp opportunities; the present offers an excellent one, (外文出版社)
评析:译文1用同义词chance来重复opportunity,但由于两者 之间距离很近,译文2改用one来替代,依然很清楚,而且更合英语习